In the spring, spray with a fungicide such as Fung-onil. To control, remove and destroy leaf and fruit debris in the fall. “Scab” is a fungal disease that forms olive-brown velvety spots on leaves and young fruits. Control cedar apple rust by spraying with fungicide such as Fung-onil just before the blossoms open, again when the blossom petals are falling, and twice more up to the middle of June. So, if possible, do not plant apple trees near upright junipers. The fungus forms galls on cedar trees, but it does the most damage to apple trees, forming yellow spots on the leaves, and fruit and causing early leaf drop. “Cedar Apple Rust” is a fungal disease that needs both cedars (upright junipers) and apple trees to complete its life cycle. Spraying will not cure Fire Blight but may prevent its spread. Spray just before blossoms open and then continue every four days. Also, the tree can be sprayed with streptomycin or copper sulfate. Prune out infected branches being careful to sterilize pruners between cuts to avoid spreading the disease. Fire Blight is spread by insects and wind and is seen more often after wet springs. Leaves on affected twigs die but hand on. The bark may look watery, dark green and oily and eventually splits. It affects young twigs first, traveling down the shoot. “Fireblight” is a bacterial disease that attacks flowering crab trees and others in this family. Also, the trunks should be wrapped to protect from Sunscald which can blister and split the bark in the winter. The host plants include quince, crab apple, hawthorn, cotoneaster, mountain ash and firethorn. The disease is caused by a bacterium, Erwinia amylovora (Burrill), which infects hosts in the Rosaeceae family. Repellants or fences are needed in areas where Deer might be a problem. Fire blight is a serious disease causing considerable damage and economic losses in apple and pear. Trees must be protected in the winter from Voles and Mice by wrapping with screen or some material through which rodents cannot penetrate, up to the bottom branch. Cultivating around the tree and a fertilizer program will encourage good flowering. Frequent watering (once or twice a week depending upon conditions) is necessary the first few years (and thereafter, during extremely dry periods) to establish a healthy tree. Leave a depression around the tree for a watering well. ![]() Plant the graft (the bulge near the union of root and top) at soil level. For a quick overview, see the comparison chart/table below » Care and Planting
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